The entire reason I decided to venture into the world of Linux is to setup a file server and MySQL database for some local software creation. Everything I can find via google in regard to setting up a file server is referencing old and outdated versions of Kubuntu.

I'm running Kubuntu 10.04 . . . is there anyone out there capable of throwing me a bone and pointing me towards a tutorial for setting up a file server?

In general, the tutorials for older versions should still work on the newer platform, however some options may have changed, or packages renamed.

And you should probably ask things regarding system setup on your distributor's forums.
In your case most likely http://ubuntuforums.org/

Cheers,
_