We have just upgraded to Mint 18.2 for this.
I have the following documentation:

Calligra/Building/3
Kexi/Porting to Qt&KF 5
Guidelines and HOWTOs/Build from Source

This is what I have done so far.

1 Directory structure
$HOME/kde/src/
source code
$HOME/kde/build/kexi
directory that Kexi will be built in
$HOME/kde/inst5

2 Git configuration
Git installed and the following ~/.gitconfig created

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[url "git://anongit.kde.org/"]
    insteadOf = kde:
[url "ssh://git@git.kde.org/"]
    pushInsteadOf = kde:


3 Pulled the repository thus

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cd $HOME/kde/src/
git clone kde:kexi


4 Build Requirements
Qt5 version 5.5.1 installed from my distro
KDE Frameworks - this is where the wheels fall off
I must build kdesrc-build first so that I can build KDb, KProperty, & KReport

5 Install kdesrc-build

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cd ~/kde/src
git clone kde:kdesrc-build
cd kdesrc-build
# ls -la reveals likely looking items within
mkdir ~/bin
ln -s "$PWD/kdesrc-build" ~/bin
export PATH=~/bin:$PATH


also that last line added to .bashrc manually, no other PATH code there
link in ~/bin confirmed as kdesrc-build -> /home/inksi/kde/src/kdesrc-build/kdesrc-build
closed and opened terminal
echo $PATH shows path inclusive of ~/bin

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# Now, the main moment!
 ./kdesrc-build-setup
# results in output:
Segmentation fault


I see that kdesrc-build-setup is a perl script. my perl is working (replies to $ perl -version)
I venture to run it as
$ perl -w kdesrc-build-setup
but get the same 'Segmentation fault' and no additional info

Sunday October 15th 2007: This was a Perl issue related to my Mint upgrade. Re-install of Perl local::lib solved the issue and my build of kdesrc-build was completed.

6 Build the required frameworks
It was not necessary to edit ~/.kdesrc-buildrc to comment out the lines:

include ~/kde/src/kdesrc-build/kf5-workspace-build-include
include ~/kde/src/kdesrc-build/kf5-applications-build-include
include ~/kde/src/kdesrc-build/kf5-kdepim-build-include

as they were not actually in the rc file created by running kdesrc-build-setup, being deselected during the GUI of that setup

one active section therefore after 'end global'. viz:

include ~/kde/src/kdesrc-build/kf5-frameworks-build-include

After installing from my package manager the following (following build errors shown in cmake.log):

libkf5coreaddons-dev
libkf5widgetaddons-dev
libkf5guiaddons-dev

I was able to run the following successfully

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$ kdesrc-build kdb
$ kdesrc-build kproperty


The building of KReport was not successful.
The error message indicates a missing Qt5QmlConfig.cmake

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CMake Error at src/CMakeLists.txt:5 (find_package):
  By not providing "FindQt5Qml.cmake" in CMAKE_MODULE_PATH this project has
  asked CMake to find a package configuration file provided by "Qt5Qml", but
  CMake did not find one.

  Could not find a package configuration file provided by "Qt5Qml" with any
  of the following names:

    Qt5QmlConfig.cmake
    qt5qml-config.cmake

  Add the installation prefix of "Qt5Qml" to CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH or set
  "Qt5Qml_DIR" to a directory containing one of the above files.  If "Qt5Qml"
  provides a separate development package or SDK, be sure it has been
  installed.


(I verified that libQt5ml.so.5.5.1 is installed)

Having made a post on the KDE Frameworks & Development forum there has been no response.
I do not feel confident in taking the action suggested in the error message, it is not specific enough for me to follow.
I plan to create a new user and then run through the whole install process again as a clean run to see if the error persists.

7 Further efforts
In "Guidelines and HOWTOs/Build from source" Section 1.5.6.2 Missing Qt5Config.cmake gives the solution as the installation of qtbase5-dev thus:

It can be fixed by installing the dependency

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sudo apt-get install qtbase5-dev

Run again the kdesrc-build command, and it should be fine

I have installed the latest version and the problem remains, it does not solve the build error in my case.
If I were to specifically follow the instructions in the cmake.log file error as given above, ie.

Add the installation prefix of "Qt5Qml" to CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH or ....

So I am not sure where /what to put but in .kdesrc-buildrc I added the following:

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options kreport
     cmake-options DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qt5/qml
end-options


but cmake.log shows an error with the above path merely tacked onto /kde/src/....

So still trying but will have to regress to kexi2 if I do not solve this in the very near future.
best
Ian

(Changed subject of this thread from install to build)

Good explanation Ian, and patience too From step #4 I would suggest to ask for help from users of that operating system. There's forum of KDE Frameworks at viewforum.php?f=305, maybe some users can be found there. Once this dependency (external to Kexi) is solved we would continue helping in this thread.

There was no input to my query on the forum suggested.

Taking the error message at face value, ignoring the suggested workaround and assuming that maybe the package was maybe just not installed, I looked in the directory tree at:
usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/cmake/Qt5Qml
which showed that directory and contents were not installed.
To install the needed qtdeclaratives5-dev I ran

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 $ sudo  apt-get install qtdeclarative5-dev


and further inspection showed the missing directory /Qt5Qml now installed.
A helpful discussion was from this source, dating back to early this year.
https://sourceforge.net/p/smb4k/discussion/help/thread/299bf31d/

Why qtdeclaratives5-dev was not installed I cannot comment.

I was then able to build kreports

I will move on shortly to hopefully a successful build of kexi3

Ian

Great to see the progress, Ian!