I've tried editing the appropriate xml files, using some of the suggestions I found online, but the results aren't consistent. Sometimes I get zero (00:00:00,00), sometimes I get blanks ( : : , ), sometimes the duration extends all the way back to the start of the clip (for a fadeout, for example).

I'd like to set default durations for fadein, fadeout, fadetoblack, and fadefromblack. I'm confused when to use positive vs negative numbers, and I haven't figured out the meanings of the parameter names ("type," "name," etc.). Can someone help, please? Thanks.

Really? Does no one know how to do that?

I reckon you have got pretty close to making this work. I think you do edit default attributes in the xml files.
Looking at the fadein.xml the parameter you want to change would be the one with

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 <name>Duration</name>

. It defaults to 75 which I reckon is in units of frames. Because on a 24fps video the duration of the fade in defaults to 3 seconds .

If I change default="75" to default="150" on the fadein.xml I get a default duration of 6 seconds. But only if I stop kdenlive and restart it.

So maybe one of your issues is that you need to restart the application to make the differences take effect.

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<!DOCTYPE kpartgui>
<effect tag="volume" id="fadein" type="audio" unique="1">
   <name>Fade in</name>
   <description>Fade in audio track</description>
   <author></author>
   <parameter type="fixed" name="in" max="0" min="0" default="0">
      <name></name>
   </parameter>
   <parameter type="position" name="out" max="90000" min="0" default="75">
      <name>Duration</name>
   </parameter>
   <parameter type="fixed" name="gain" max="0" min="0" default="0">
      <name>Start Gain</name>
   </parameter>
   <parameter type="fixed" name="end" max="1" min="1" default="1">
      <name>End Gain</name>
   </parameter>
</effect>


I'd like to set default durations for fadein, fadeout, fadetoblack, and fadefromblack. I'm confused when to use positive vs negative numbers, and I haven't figured out the meanings of the parameter names ("type," "name," etc.). Can someone help, please? Thanks.

I just got the fadeout to change from 3 sec to 6 sec default duration by changing default="-75" to default="-150" on the

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 <name>Duration</name>

parameter.

When looking at the xml the value in the <name> tag is the name of the parameter as it appears in the gui.

Parameters of type="fixed" you can not adjust so you should leave those alone.

If the existing default value is negative you should make your change using a negative number too.

The fadetoblack and fadefromblack seem to be designed the same way. So these should be easy too. Just change the values for default in the tag that has the

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 <name>Duration</name>