Hi,
I can only select American English in the list for available languages in system settings. I have installed the german language packs too but german is not shown.

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$ dpkg -l | grep language-pack
ii  language-pack-de                                1:16.04+20160627                           all          translation updates for language German
ii  language-pack-de-base                           1:16.04+20160627                           all          translations for language German
ii  language-pack-en                                1:16.04+20161009                           all          translation updates for language English
ii  language-pack-en-base                           1:16.04+20160627                           all          translations for language English
ii  language-pack-kde-de                            1:14.04+20140305.0ubuntu1                  all          KDE translation meta package for language de
ii  language-pack-kde-en                            1:14.04+20140305.0ubuntu1                  all          KDE translation meta package for language en_GB

$ dpkg -l | grep -E "kde-l10n|qttranslation"
ii  kde-l10n-de                                     4:16.04.3-0ubuntu1~ubuntu16.04~ppa2        all          de (de) localization for KDE
ii  kde-l10n-engb                                   4:16.04.3-0ubuntu1~ubuntu16.04~ppa2        all          en_GB (engb) localization for KDE
ii  qttranslations5-l10n                            5.6.1-2build1~~xenialoverlay1~1            all          translations for Qt 5


.config/plasma-localerc is empty:

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$ cat .config/plasma-localerc
[Formats]
LANG=de_DE.UTF-8

[Translations]
LANGUAGE=

If I append de, de_DE or de_DE.UTF-8 to LANGUAGE= I get the message "The translation files for the languages with the code 'de' could not be found. These languages have been removed from your configuraion. If you want to add them back, please install the localization files for it and the languages again."
in the language settings after login.

I have installed localepurge but it should not touch german and english files:

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$ tail -6 /etc/locale.nopurge
de_DE
de_DE@euro
de_DE.UTF-8
en_US
en_US.ISO-8859-15
en_US.UTF-8


Installed locales are german and english:

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$ locale -a
C
C.UTF-8
de_AT.utf8
de_BE.utf8
de_CH.utf8
de_DE
de_DE@euro
de_DE.iso88591
de_DE.iso885915@euro
de_DE.utf8
de_LI.utf8
de_LU.utf8
deutsch
en_AG
en_AG.utf8
en_AU.utf8
en_BW.utf8
en_CA.utf8
en_DK.utf8
en_GB.utf8
en_HK.utf8
en_IE.utf8
en_IN
en_IN.utf8
en_NG
en_NG.utf8
en_NZ.utf8
en_PH.utf8
en_SG.utf8
en_US.utf8
en_ZA.utf8
en_ZM
en_ZM.utf8
en_ZW.utf8
german
POSIX

Environment:

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$ printenv | grep -E "LANG|LC"
LC_PAPER=de_DE.UTF-8
LC_ADDRESS=de_DE.UTF-8
LC_MONETARY=de_DE.UTF-8
LC_NUMERIC=de_DE.UTF-8
LC_TELEPHONE=de_DE.UTF-8
LC_IDENTIFICATION=de_DE.UTF-8
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LC_MEASUREMENT=de_DE.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=
LC_TIME=de_DE.UTF-8
LC_NAME=de_DE.UTF-8

Kubuntu 16.04 with KDE 5.8.7

So why is there only the english language available in the list? What is missing?

Thanks a lot!

Now I've installed a fresh VM with Kubuntu 16.04 and Kubuntu PPA and compared the configuration.
The new installation has all languages available. Any old installation on my computers don't have.

The only difference between localization settings (see above) is in .config/plasma-localerc.
The variable is LANGUAGE is empty on computers where no other languages than english are listed. The new installation has a variable LANGUAGE=de.
If I set this variable in the same manner after reboot in the regional settings I only get the message

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The translation files for the language with the code 'de' could not be found. The language has been removed from your configuration. If you want to add it back, please install the localization files for it and add the language again.

The variable LANGUAGE in .config/plasma-localerc is empty again.

Where does KDE search for these translation files? Packages are installed!

Now I tried a reinstall of all installed packages if there is some package broken. No success! There is still no other language available than English.
A new user has only English available too and no choice for other languages. Does KDE look for some configuration in /etc or similar that could have changed?

Finally I've solved this problem!

Just for your information in case you slip into the same problem:
There was a misconfiguration with localepurge! I noticed that /usr/share/locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/ was empty and I had to add de to localepurge.
After reinstalling locales using /usr/share/doc/localepurge/reinstall_debs.sh I can select German as available language again!

Best regards!