I am working on a workstation with 300 GB memory but when I try to process (multiplication) on 300000 x 300000 matrix it causes this error

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terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::bad_alloc'
  what():  St9bad_alloc


But if I reduce the matrix to 30000 x 30000 afterwards no problem. What can be the cause of this error, is it the Eigen limitation for size of matrix allocation ? Any idea?

Your matrix has (3*10^5)^2 = 9*10^10 entries, and every entry is a double occupying 8 bytes, this is 72*10^10 bytes which is approximately 720 GB.

U R totally right that was my missing zero mistake as I capitulated the required size.